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Python: Collatz Sequence
Python: Longest Collatz Sequence
Problem No.14 in ProjectEuler
Definition Wikipedia: Start with any positive integer n. Then each term is obtained from the previous term as follows: if the previous term is even, the next term is one half the previous term. If the previous term is odd, the next term is 3 times the previous term plus 1. The conjecture is that no matter what value of n, the sequence will always reach 1.
So the formula is: Starting with n, the next n will be:
n/2 (if n is even)
3n + 1 (if n is odd)
If we start with 13, we generate the following sequence:
13 → 40 → 20 → 10 → 5 → 16 → 8 → 4 → 2 → 1.
A walk through:
n=13, 13 is odd, then n = 13 * 3 + 1 , n= 40
n=40, 40 is even, then n= 40/2, n=20
n=20, 20 is even, then n=20/2, n=10
n=10, 10 is even, then n=10/2, n=5
n=5, 5 is odd, then n=5*3+1 , n=16
n=16, 16 is even, then n=16/2, n=8
n=8, 8 is even, then n=8/2, n=4
n=4, 4 is even, then n=4/2, n=2
n=2, 2 is even, then n=2/2, n=1
n=1 then end of sequence
The Task: The task in ProjectEuler is to searching for a the Number N, under one million, that produces the longest chain.
Overview to my python cases: In my company, we are not allowed to download any software, so i don’t have any Python platform. To solve this i am using an online python interpreter, some time it’s become slow. So in this code (and others) i am spiting the range in 10 each with 100,000 then running the code to get the longest chain in each range. So the Number N, under one million, that produces the longest chain is:
The Answer: In my previous codes or math solving challenges in pybites or ProjectEuler I am solving the problems, writing the code, but not posting my answer to ProjectEuler platform. Today, and with Problem No.14 i decide to post the answer in the ProjectEuler platform for the first time just to see what will happen. The answer was 837799, and I get this page.
In the code bellow, i set the range from 1 to 50000.
The Code:
chain2=[]
longest=[0,0]
def collatz_Seq(num):
t= num
chain=[num]
while t !=1 :
if t%2==0:
t=t/2
chain.append(int(t))
else:
t=3*t+1
chain.append(int(t))
return chain
for num in range (1,50000):
chain2 = collatz_Seq(num)
if len(chain2) > longest[0]:
longest[0] = len(chain2)
longest[1] = num
chain2=[]
print(‘num:’,longest[1],’ has a longest chain: ‘,longest[0])
Follow me on Twitter..Python: The Factors
Python: Factors of the Number N
This is a short task to get the factors of a given number. The Definition of Factors of N is: The pairs of numbers you multiply to get the N number.
For instance, factors of 15 are 3 and 5, because 3×5 = 15. Some numbers have more than one factorization (more than one way of being factored). For instance, 12 can be factored as 1×12, 2×6, or 3×4
In this task we will write a Python code to ask the user for a number N then will get all the pairs number that if we multiply them will get that N number, we will store the pairs in a array ‘factors’.
The Code:
def factors_of_n(num):
a=1
factors=[]
while a <= num:
if num%a==0:
if (num/a,a) not in factors:
factors.append((a,int(num/a)))
a = a + 1
return factors
#Ask the user for a number
num=int(input(“Enter a number: “))
print(factors_of_n(num))
Python: Amicable Numbers
Python: Amicable Numbers
Problem No.21 on projectEuler
In this task we need to calculate the SUM of all divisors of N, from 1 to N.
Then we calculate the Sum of (sum of N divisors ) let’s say M .
Now if
For example, the proper divisors of A=220 are 1, 2, 4, 5, 10, 11, 20, 22, 44, 55 and 110; therefore F(220) = 284. And the proper divisors of B=284 are 1, 2, 4, 71 and 142; so F(284) = 220. So F(A) =B and F(B)=A then A and B are amicable.
Definition:
If f(a) = b and f(b) = a, where a ≠ b, then a and b are an amicable pair and each of a and b are called amicable numbers.
In this task we will ask the user to enter a Range of numbers and we will search for all Amicable Numbers pairs in that range(from – to) if we fond one we will print out the number and the divisors list. The main function here is the one that get the sum of divisors, we will call it get_divisors_sum and we will examine Amicable with If statement.
Hint ..
To check if the sum of divisors from both said are equal we use (t2==x )
AND that this sum are not same we use (t1!=t2)
AND that we did not print the pair before we use: (t2 not in ami_pair)
The Code:
#Python: Amicable Numbers
#Problem No.21 on projectEuler
num1=int(input(‘The range Start from:’))
num2=int(input(‘The range Ends at:’))
t1=0
t2=0
l=[]
l1=[]
l2=[]
ami_pair=[]
def get_divisors_sum (num):
t=0
l=[]
for a in range (1,num):
if num%a==0 :
l.append(a)
t=t+a
return t,l
for x in range(num1,num2):
l1=[]
t1,l1=get_divisors_sum(x)
l2=[]
t2,l2=get_divisors_sum(t1)
if (t2==x) and (t1!=t2) and (t2 not in ami_pair):
print(‘\nget_divisors_sum({}) is {} divisors={}’.format(x,t1,l1))
print(‘\nget_divisors_sum({}) is {} divisors={}’.format(t1,t2,l2))
print(‘\nSo {} and {} are Amicable Numbers .’.format(t1,t2))
ami_pair.extend((t1,t2))
Python Project: Sum of power of digits
Python: Sum of power of digits
Problem No.16
In Problem No.16, projectEuler ask to find the Sum of power of digits in the number, for example if we have 2^15 (2 to power of 15) the answer is 23768 then we need to calculate the sum of this number (2+3+7+6+8 ) that’s equal to 26.
The Task: So our task in this project is to find the sum of the digits of (2^1000). To write this as a program and to make it more general we will ask the user to input the number and the power he want, then I start thinking to restrict user from input large numbers that could cause CPU problems, but then i decide to keep it open as is.
The Code:
num=2
p=15
num=int(input(“Enter a number “))
p=int(input(“Enter a power “))
a=num**p
def sum_of_digits(num,p):
a=num**p
l=[int(i) for i in str(a)]
print(l)
for x in range (len(l)):
t=t+l[x]
print (“sum =”,t)
Python: Prime Numbers in Range
Python: Prime Numbers in a Range
Our task here is simple as the title, we will have a range and will test each number to see if it is a prime then we will add it to a list, once we finish we will print out the list.
To complete this task we will use one of our function we create last time (Read: is prime post).
So, here we will ask the user to input two numbers num1 and num2 the we will pass all the numbers in the range to is_prime() and store the result in a list.
The Code:
#Function to get all Prime numbers in a range.
#Ask the user to enter two numbers
print ‘Get all Prime numbers in a range\n’
num1=int(input(“Enter the first number in the range: “))
num2=int(input(“Enter the last number in the range: “))
#create the list
prime_list=[]
def get_all_prime(num1,num2):
for x in range (num1,num2):
if is_prime(x) ==’Prime’:
prime_list.append(x)
return prime_list
#Call the function and print the list
get_all_prime(num1,num2)
print prime_list
print len(prime_list)
Python Project: Sum of the Square and Square of the Sum
Python: Sum of the Square and Square of the Sum
Difference of sum of the square and the square of the sum
I fond this on projecteuler.net Usually I add some steps to there problems to make it more application look and feel. Later on, we’ll see how.
Problem assumption: If we said that we have a range of numbers (1,10) then the sum of this range is 1 + 2 + 3 + 4 + 5 + 6 + 7 + 8 + 9 + 10 = 55, Now the Square of the sum is 55^2; thats mean the Square of the sum of (55) = 3025.
And for the same range, the Sum of Square means that we will get the Square of each number in the range then will get there summation. So with our range (1,10) Sum of Square is 1^2 + 2^2 + 3^2 + 4^2 + 5^2 …. + 10^2 = 385
The Problem #6 in ProjectEuler
The sum of the squares of the first ten natural numbers is,12 + 22 + … + 102= 385
The square of the sum of the first ten natural numbers is,(1 + 2 + … + 10)2 = 552= 3025
Hence the difference between the sum of the squares of the first ten natural numbers and the square of the sum is 3025 − 385 = 2640.
The Task:Find the difference between the sum of the squares of the first one hundred natural numbers and the square of the sum.
Inhancment Now to make this task workking as application and to get more general output of it, first we will ask the user to input a range of the numbers, then we will applay the function on that range.
The Code:
# Problem 6 in ProjectEuler.
def square_of_sum(num1, num2):
tot = 0
for x in range(num1, num2+1):
tot = tot+x
print(‘The Square of the Sun’,tot*tot)
return tot*tot
def sum_of_square(num1, num2):
tot = 0
for x in range(num1, num2+1):
tot = tot+(x*x)
print(‘The Sum of the Square ‘, tot)
return tot
#Ask the user for his input.
num1 = int(input(‘Enter First number in the range: ‘))
num2 = int(input(‘Enter the last number in the range: ‘))
#Call the functions.
w1 = square_of_sum(num1, num2)
w2 = sum_of_square(num1, num2)
#Output the Difference.
print(‘The Difference is: ‘, w1-w2)
Python Project: Is it a Prime
Python: Prime Number
Is it Prime
In a simple way, a Prime number is a number that cannot be made by multiplying other numbers. So 4 is Not Prime because we can say that 4 = 2 x 2, 6 is Not Prime because it can be produced by multiplying 3 x 2; but 5 Is Prime because we can’t find any integer numbers that can produce 5.
Numbers such as 1, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13 … all are Prime Numbers.
This function will ask the user to write a number then we will examine it to see whether it is a prime or not.
The Code:
num=int(input(“Enter a number: “))
def is_prime(num):
result=”Prime”
for t in range (2,num):
if num%t==0 :
result=”Not Prime”
break
return result
print num,’is’,is_prime(num)
Python Project: Fibonacci Numbers
Python: Fibonacci Numbers
Even Fibonacci Numbers
Fibonacci Sequence is generated by adding the previous two terms, so the N number in the sequence will be Xn=(Xn-1) + (Xn-2). Example: by starting with 1 and 2, the first 10 terms will be: 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, 21, 34, 55, 89, …
The Task: Get the Fibonacci sequence range from the user and count how many even valued terms is there. The user range should not be more than 10000 number.
The Code:
def get_Fibonacci_Sequence(rfrom,rto):
n1=rfrom
n2=rfrom+1
count=0
for x in range (rfrom,rto):
fab=n1+n2
n1=n2
n2=fab
# Check if the fab is even, the increment the counter
if fab%2==0 :
count =count +1
# After finish print the output
print”Between”,rfrom,” and “,rto,” there is “,count,”even Fibonacci number.”
range_ok =”no”
while range_ok==”no”:
print(‘Your range must be less than 10,000:’)
# Get the numbers from the user.
rfrom=int(input(‘Enter the range From:’))
rto=int(input(‘Enter the range To:’))
# Check if the numbers are less than 10000
if (rto – rfrom) < 10000 : range_ok ="yes"
#Call the function
get_Fibonacci_Sequence(int(rfrom),int(rto))
Python Project: Pluralise a Word
Python: Pluralise a Word
Loop through a dictionary and pluralise a word
One of Python Exercises on @PyBites codechalleng is to loop through a given dictionary of people and the number of games they’ve won then print out the users name and how many games they’ve won in the following format: “sara has won n games” and pluralise the word game to suit the number of games won.
we assume the dictionary is games_won = dict={‘sara’:0, ‘bob’:1, ‘tim’:5, ‘julian’:3, ‘jim’:1}
The Code:
games_won ={‘sara’:0, ‘bob’:1, ‘tim’:5, ‘julian’:3, ‘jim’:1}
def print_game_stats(games_won):
for key,val in games_won.items():
print(“{} has won {}{p}”.format(key, val,p=” game” if val ==1 else ” games” ))
print_game_stats(games_won)
Python Project: Sum N Numbers
Python: Sum N Numbers
Bites of Python exercises
I found this Python Exercises on the at PyBites codechalleng and i love the idea of solving problems and this will let me learn more, so thanks guys @pybites.
So this time the challenge is to Write a function that can sum up N numbers. The function should receive a list of N numbers, If no argument is provided, return sum of numbers 1..100.
I hope i did this right, here is my function; the result seems to be fine i am still learning so … sorry if i misunderstood.
def sum_up(my_nums=range(1,100)):
total=0
print”The List of number/s “,my_nums
for x in range (len(my_nums)):
total=total+int(my_nums[x])
print”Total is:”,total
print(“This function will sum up a given list of numbers.\nWhen you finish typping the numbers just press “”Enter””\nIf you did not enter any numbers i will assume the list is [1,100]”)
#Get the list from the user
n=input(“Type the numbers:”)
#In case the user enter some spaces in his number, we should remove it
the_n=n.replace(” “, “”)
#Here we are calling the functin
sum_up() if the_n ==”” else sum_up(the_n)
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